Separator for dust carrying gases



Oct. 5, 1954 P. DIEBOLD 2,690,813

SEPARATOR FOR DUST CARRYING GASES Original Filed May 17, 1947 INVErrroKPIERRE DIEBOl-P 3Y Patented Oct. 5, 1 954 SAYS NT OFFICE Originalapplication May 1'2, 1947, Serial No. 748,832. Divided and thisapplication October 26, 1950, Serial No. 192,250.

In France July Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expiresJuly 12, 1964 6 Claims.

This is a divisional application divided from my copending applicationSerial No. 748,832, filed May 17, 1947, now Patent No. 2,622,936.

This invention relates to separators and more especially to apparatusfor separating dust and other materials in powder form from air or othermediums in which they are suspended.

It is an object of this invention to provide a simple apparatus in whichthe solid particles suspended in a gaseous medium can be separated atgreater speed and with greater efiiciency than by other devices hithertodescribed.

In the drawings afiixed to this specification and forming part thereofseveral embodiments of a separator according to this invention areillustrated diagrammatically by way of example.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section of the first embodiment,

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modified form.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the structure of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 illustrates the third embodiment, and

Fig. 5 is an elevation of a grain ventilating apparatus.

Referring to the drawings and first to Fig. 1 I9 is the lower and 22 theupper part of a biconical cyclone housing. 29' is the intake pipeleading tangentially to the air canal 2! delimited by the inner wall ofthe top part 22 and a cylindrical partition 23 suspended in this partwhich latter serves for protecting the filters 29 against the impact ofthe dust particles entering through the intake pipe. This canal isclosed by an annular bottom 24 with perforations 25 through which thedust-laden air enters the space '25 in the cyclone housing where itexpands, while the greater part of the solid dust particles, having losttheir speed, drop into the collecting space 27. Through the top of theupper part 22 of the cyclone housing extends the cylindrical wall 23a ofa filter case which is formed with large apertures 28 and ends at thebottom in a funnel 3! closed by a cover 32 which is supported by a flap33 hinged to the bottom opening of the funnel at 34 and connected by anarm 62 to the pressure bar 35 which is hinged at 35a to the bottomopening of the cyclone housing and carries a stopper 27a closing thisopening. Funnel 31 is double-walled and has its inner wall spaced fromand carried by its outer wall through the medium of annularly spacedpartitions fixed to and located between the inner and outer walls toform conduits 3T. Conduits 3? lead from openings 36 in the outer funnelwall upwardly into the filter compartment containing filters 29. The airescaping through the filters is sucked on through the pipe 38.

The major part of the dust particles accumulates at the bottom of thehousing l9 and can be removed by opening the stopper 21a. The dustretained by the filters drops into the funnel 3 i.

The use of centrifugal forces acting on the air and dust mixtureentering the separator through the tangential pipe 29 leaves the centralsection of the separator free for the central accommodation of thefilters.

The double-cone form of the separator shell is important for the reasonthat the air after having entered into the apparatus, meets a graduallyenlarging cross section which helps in the expansion of the air andfavors the descent of the dust carried along by the air. In addition tothis, the air has lost part of its velocity of flow when meeting thefilter bags which therefore are not subject to wear by the impact ofdust particles.

The horizontal plane in which meet the two cones of the shell and whichcontains the largest cross section, passes approximately through themiddle of the openings 28 through which the air enters the cylinder 23a.

In the modified form illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 the bottom 24 of Fig.1 is replaced by a circle of vanes 24a, fixed in inclined, substantiallyhorizontal position between the inner wall of the part '22 and thecylindrical inset 23.

These vanes 25a are inclined after the manner of turbine vanes and servefor guiding the air currents and for furthering the separation of dustparticles by preserving the whirling motion of the air and reducingturbulence.

In consequence of these arrangements this form of the separator operatesas follows: the air currents laden with dust enter the cyclone in ahorizontal plane and the dust particles are projected outwardly bycentrifugal action since the air is compelled to rotate around thecyclone axis.

The dust particles are thus subjected to a centrifugal action and to theaction of gravity and are not hindered in their motions by any obstacleswhich might oppose their free movement thanks to the conical form of thetop part 22 of the separator. They can descend freely thanks to thevanes which guide them, the heavier particles taking the path across thefree spaces between adjoining vanes which are larger at thecircumference of the circle than near the center. The widened spacesfavor the descent of the dust particles which collect in the bottomcenter of the separator owing to the conical inset 3|.

Since the larger dust particles are projected outwardly on entering theapparatus, they are not carried along by the air when it enters thefilters 29.

Fig. 4 illustrates the provision, in a cyclone of the kind described, oftubular filters 38a extending between the borders of openings 30b in thehorizontal partition 30c and brackets 36d extending horizontally acrossthe funnel 3|.

In Fig. 5 is shown a separator of the kind above described incombination with a receiver 2 for granular goods such as grain which isfed by the hose to a receiver 2 from which it passes to the receiver 1.A fan 39 forces purified air through the pipe 9 into the chamber I6 andprojects the grain into the impulse conveyer Ilia which can be adjustedfor every direction similarly as the hose I. The air laden with dust issucked by the fan 39 through pipe 38 into the receiver 2 and thefiltered air sucked through 48 is forced back into the tube chamber [5and conveyor [6a, as aforesaid. The combination shown in Figure 5 ismore fully described in Patent 2,622,936.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to thedetails of construction shown and described, for obvious modificationswill ocour to a person skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. Separating apparatus for separating, from a gas, particles suspendedtherein, comprising, in combination, a lower conical housing portionhaving an upper end larger than a lower end thereof; an upper conicalhousing portion having a lower end larger than an upper end thereof, of

the same size as said upper end of said lower housing portion and beingjoined thereto, said upper housing portion being formed with an openingbetween said ends thereof; inlet conduit means joined to said openingand extending tangentially to said upper housing portion fortangentially admitting gas to be purified into the space included bysaid housing portions; a cylindrical enclosure connected to said upperhousing portion on the interior and centrally thereof and extending intosaid lower housing portion, said enclosure being formed with at leastone opening extending above and below said lower end of said upperhousing portion; a cylindrical guide member of a larger diameter thansaid cylindrical enclosure located concentrically about the latter,being fixed to said upper end of said upper housing portion and having alower edge portion at least partially overlapping said opening of saidcylindrical enclosure; and filter means mounted within said enclosurefor filtering gas admitted to the same.

2. Separating apparatus for separating, from a gas, particles suspendedtherein, comprising, in combination, a lower conical housing portionhaving an upper end larger than a lower end thereof; an upper conicalhousing portion having a lower end larger than an upper end thereof, ofthe same size as said upper end of said lower housing portion and beingjoined thereto, said upper housing portion being formed with an openingbetween said ends thereof; inlet conduit means joined to said openingand extending tangentially to said upper housing portion fortangentially admitting gas to be purified into the space included bysaid housing portions; a cylindrical enclosure connected to said upperhousing portion on the interior and centrally thereof and extending intosaid lower housing portion, said enclosure being formed with at leastone opening extending above and below said lower end of said upperhousing portion; a cylindrical guide member of a larger diameter thansaid cylindrical enclosure located concentrically about the latter,being fixed to said upper end of said upper housing portion and having alower edge portion at least partially overlapping said opening of saidcylindrical enclosure; vane means mounted on said lower edge portion ofsaid guide member above said lower end of said upper housing portion,below said opening in said upper housing portion and between the latterand said guide member; and filter means mounted within said enclosurefor filtering gas admitted to the same.

3. Separating apparatus for separating, from a gas, particles suspendedtherein, comprising, in combination, a lower conical housing portionhaving an upper end larger than a lower end thereof; an upper conicalhousing portion having a lower end larger than an upper end thereof, ofthe same size as said upper end of said lower housing portion and beingjoined thereto, said upper housing portion being formed with an openingbetween said ends thereof; inlet conduit means joined to said openingand extending tangentially to said upper housing portion fortangentially admitting gas to be purified into the space included bysaid housing portions; a cylindrical enclosure connected to said upperhousing portion on the interior and centrally thereof and extending intosaid lower housing portion, said enclosure being formed with at leastone opening extending above and below said lower end of said upperhousing portion; a cylindrical guide member of a larger diameter thansaid cylindrical enclosure located concentrically about the latter,being fixed to said upper end of said upper housing portion and having alower edge portion at least partially overlapping said opening of saidcylindrical enclosure; vane means mounted on said lower edge portion ofsaid guide member above said lower end of said upper housing portion,below said opening in said upper housing portion and between the latterand said guide member, said vane means comprising a plurality of blademembers evenly distributed about said guide member, and each having oneend fixed to said lower edge portion of said guide member and anopposite free end spaced from said upper housing portion; and filtermeans mounted within said enclosure for filtering gas admitted to thesame.

4. Separating apparatus for separating, from a gas, particles suspendedtherein, comprising, in combination, a lower conical housing portionhaving an upper end larger than a lower end thereof; an upper conicalhousing portion having a lower end larger than an upper end thereof, ofthe same size as said upper end of said lower housing portion and beingjoined thereto, said upper housing portion being formed with an openingbetween said ends thereof; inlet conduit means joined to said openingand extending tangentially to said upper housing portion fortangentially admitting gas to be purified into the space included bysaid housing portions; a cylindrical enclosure connected to said upperhousing portion on the interior and centrally thereof and extending intosaid lower housing portion, said enclosure being formed with at leastone opening extending above and below said lower end of said upperhousing portion; a cylindrical guide member of a larger diameter thansaid cylindrical enclosure located concentrically about the latter,being fixed to said upper end of said upper housing portion and having alower edge portion at least partially overlapping said opening of saidcylindrical enclosure; vane means mounted on said lower edge portion ofsaid guide member above said lower end of said upper housing portion,below said opening in said upper housing portion and between the latterand said guide member, said vane means comprising a plurality of blademembers evenly distributed about and extending radially from said guidemember, and each having one end fixed to said lower edge portion of saidguide member and an opposite free end spaced from said upper housingportion, each blade member being almost parallel to a plane in whichsaid lower end of said upper housing portion is located; and filtermeans mounted within said enclosure for filtering gas admitted to thesame.

5. Separating apparatus for separating, from a gas, particles suspendedtherein, comprising, in combination, a lower conical housing portionhaving an upper end larger than a lower end thereof; an upper conicalhousing portion having a lower end larger than an upper end thereof, ofthe same size as said upper end of said lower housing portion and beingjoined thereto, said upper housing portion being formed with an openingbetween said ends thereof; inlet conduit means joined to said openingand extending tangentially to said upper housing portion fortangentially admitting gas to be purified into the space included bysaid housing portions; a cylindrical enclosure connected to said upperhousing portion on the interior and centrally thereof and extending intosaid lower housing portion, said enclosure being formed with at leastone opening extending above and below said lower end of said upperhousing portion; a conical extension of the same inclination as saidlower housing portion located within the latter and being connected to alower edge of said cylindrical enclosure; and filter means mountedwithin said enclosure for filtering gas admitted to the same.

6. Separating apparatus for separating, from a gas, particles suspendedtherein, comprising, in combination, a lower conical housing portionhaving an upper end larger than a lower end thereof; an upper conicalhousing portion having a lower end larger than an upper end thereof, ofthe same size as said upper end of said lower housing portion and beingjoined thereto, said upper housing portion being formed with an openingbetween said ends thereof; inlet conduit means joined to said openingand extending tangentially to said upper housing portion fortangentially admitting gas to be purified into the space included bysaid housing portions; a cylindrical enclosure connected to said upperhousing portion on the interior and centrally thereof and extending intosaid lower housing portion, said enclosure being formed with at leastone opening extending above and below said lower end of said upperhousing portion; a conical extension of the same inclination as saidlower housing portion located within the latter and being connected to alower edge of said cylindrical enclosure; a pair of movable closuremembers respectively mounted on a lower end of said conical extensionand said lower end of said lower housing portion for movement betweenopen and closed positions; a single actuating member connected to saidpair of closure members for simultaneously moving the same between saidpositions; and filter means mounted within said enclosure for filteringgas admitted to the same.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 772,689 Allington Oct. 18, 1904 841,984 Kenney Jan. 22, 1907992,531 Allington Mar. 31, 1911 1,717,369 Clements June 18, 19291,756,909 Gram Apr. 29, 1930 1,841,556 Stelz Jan. 19, 1932 FOREIGNPATENTS Number Country Date 184,600 Germany May 2, 1907 614,016 GermanyMay 31, 1935

